6 Seasons or Ritus in Hindu Indian Calendar
| Season/Ritu | Take place when Saayan Surya or Tropical Sun transits through following two Rashis one after other |
|---|---|
| Varsha (22 June - 22 Aug) |
Kark or Cancer
& Singh or Leo |
| Sharad (22 Aug - 22 Oct) |
Kanya or Virgo
& Tula or Libra |
| Hemant (22 Oct - 22 Dec) |
Vrishchik or Scorpio
& Dhanu or Sagittarius |
| Shishir (22 Dec - 22 Feb) |
Makar or Capricorn
& Kumbh or Aqaurius |
| Basant (22 Feb - 22 Apr) |
Meen or Pisces
& Maish or Aries |
| Greeshma (22 Apr - 22 Jun) |
Vrish or Taurus
& Mithun or Gemini |
6 Seasons or Ritus in Indian Hindu Calendar
The Indian Hindu calendar, also known as the Panchang, divides the year into six distinct seasons or Ritus. Unlike the four seasons in the Gregorian calendar, the six-season division in Indian tradition aligns with natural changes and agricultural cycles observed in the Indian subcontinent.
1. Vasanta Ritu (Spring)
Vasanta Ritu generally falls during March and April (Chaitra & Vaishakha months). The weather is pleasant, and nature is in full bloom. This season is associated with renewal, growth, and the festival of Holi.
2. Grishma Ritu (Summer)
Covering May and June (Jyeshtha & Ashadha), Grishma Ritu brings hot and dry weather. It is a time of intense heat, and agricultural activity is limited. This is the season of the Sun’s dominance.
3. Varsha Ritu (Monsoon)
Varsha Ritu corresponds to July and August (Shravana & Bhadrapada). It is the rainy season and is critical for crops. This season brings relief from summer heat and is associated with festivals like Raksha Bandhan and Janmashtami.
4. Sharad Ritu (Autumn)
This season falls during September and October (Ashwin & Kartik). The weather becomes clearer, skies are blue, and nature is beautiful post-monsoon. Festivals like Navratri and Diwali occur during this time.
5. Hemanta Ritu (Pre-Winter)
Hemanta covers November and December (Margashirsha & Pausha). It brings cool breezes and marks the beginning of winter. People begin preparing for the cold, and this is the harvest season for some crops.
6. Shishira Ritu (Winter)
Shishira Ritu includes January and February (Magha & Phalguna). It is the coldest time of the year. This season signifies stillness and introspection and is associated with festivals like Makar Sankranti and Maha Shivaratri.
Astrological Significance of Ritus
In Indian Vedic Astrology, these Ritus are connected to planetary influences and seasonal changes affecting doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) in Ayurveda. The Ritus also play a role in Muhurta (auspicious timings), agricultural planning, and temple rituals.
Conclusion
The concept of the six Ritus reflects the close relationship ancient Indians had with nature. Recognizing and aligning with these seasonal shifts helps maintain physical, emotional, and spiritual harmony in life.
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